Web API

Web API is a development in Web services (in a movement called Web 2.0) where emphasis has been moving away from SOAP based services towards Representational State Transfer (REST) based communications.^[3] REST services do not require XML, SOAP, or WSDL service-API definitions.

Web APIs allow the combination of multiple Web services into new applications known as mashups.^[4]

When used in the context of Web development, Web API is typically a defined set of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) request messages along with a definition of the structure of response messages, usually expressed in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) or JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format.

When running composite Web services, each sub service can be considered autonomous. The user has no control over these services. Also the Web services themselves are not reliable; the service provider may remove, change or update their services without giving notice to users. The reliability and fault tolerance is not well supported; faults may happen during the execution. Exception handling in the context of Web services is still an open research issue, although this can still be handled by responding with an error object to the clients.